Commentary for Avodah Zarah 14:4
וחכ"א לפני אידיהן אסור לאחר אידיהן מותר כו': חכמים היינו ת"ק הן בלא אידיהן איכא בינייהו תנא קמא סבר הן בלא אידיהן ורבנן בתראי סברי הן ואידיהן
But the sages say, before their festivities it is forbidden, but after their festivities it is permitted. Is not [the opinion of] the sages identical with that of the first tanna? Them without their festivals themselves is the point on which they differ. The first tanna holds that the period is exclusive of the festival, but the latter rabbis hold that it includes the festivals.
Daf Shevui to Avodah Zarah
In reality, the sages who respond to R. Ishmael are probably the same sages whose opinion was in the first mishnah. Still, the Talmud perceives this format to be repetitive—why repeat their position twice? Thus it must be that there is some halakhic difference between the two positions. The Talmud will now take various disputes that appeared above or will appear below and claim that the sages of the mishnah disagree on these points as well.
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Daf Shevui to Avodah Zarah
The dispute between the two opinions is over whether the three day period includes the festival or does not.
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